Our team of expert neurologists is well-versed in Vascular Neurology, a subspecialty focused on the diagnosis and management of vascular disorders affecting the brain and nervous system.

Vascular Neurology addresses conditions related to blood vessels, including:

1. Blood vessel malformations, including venous and arteriovenous malformations (AVM): Our Vascular Neurology experts are skilled in diagnosing and treating vascular malformations, which can lead to serious health issues if left unattended.
2. Brain Aneurysm: A brain aneurysm poses a potentially life-threatening risk. Our team specializes in providing state-of-the-art care for patients with brain aneurysms, utilizing advanced interventions to ensure the best possible outcomes.
3. Brain or spinal cord injury, including severe head injury with bleeding into the brain: Our Vascular Neurology specialists possess the expertise to assess and manage brain and spinal cord injuries, including cases involving bleeding into the brain, to promote optimal patient recovery.
4. Cerebral vasculitis and narrowing of the arteries: Conditions such as cerebral vasculitis and arterial narrowing can significantly impact neurological health. Our dedicated care addresses these complexities to support improved patient well-being.
5. Stroke, including one caused by a blood clot and bleeding into the brain (hemorrhagic stroke): Stroke is a critical area of focus for our Vascular Neurology team. Our specialized approach involves swift diagnosis and effective treatment for both ischemic strokes caused by blood clots and hemorrhagic strokes resulting from bleeding into the brain.
6. Transient ischemic attack (TIA): Commonly referred to as a mini-stroke, a TIA demands immediate evaluation and intervention. Our Vascular Neurologists are equipped to diagnose and manage TIAs, taking measures to prevent potential, more severe strokes.

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Our Epilepsy / Seizure specialists are highly trained neurologists dedicated to diagnosing and treating various seizure-related conditions. They possess expertise in managing a wide spectrum of seizures, including staring spells, convulsions, and all other types of epileptic events.

Epilepsy, a chronic neurological disorder, is a primary focus of our specialists. They are equipped to evaluate and treat patients with epilepsy, developing personalized management plans to optimize seizure control and enhance quality of life. The different types of seizures are:

1. Focal (Partial) Seizures:
   • Simple focal seizures: These seizures affect a specific area of the brain and may cause changes in emotions, sensations, or movements without loss of consciousness.
   • Complex focal seizures: These seizures also start in a specific brain area but can lead to altered consciousness, unusual behaviors, and confusion.
   • Focal seizures evolving to bilateral tonic-clonic (formerly called secondarily generalized seizures): Initially, these seizures begin as focal seizures but then spread to involve both sides of the brain, leading to a generalized tonic-clonic seizure (grand mal seizure).

2. Generalized Seizures:

   • Absence seizures (formerly called petit mal seizures): These seizures typically affect children and may cause brief episodes of staring and temporary loss of awareness.

   • Tonic-clonic seizures (formerly called grand mal seizures): These are the most well-known type of seizures and involve loss of consciousness, stiffening of the body (tonic phase), followed by jerking movements (clonic phase).

   • Atonic seizures: Also known as drop seizures, these seizures cause sudden loss of muscle tone, leading to falls or drop attacks.

   • Myoclonic seizures: These seizures involve sudden, brief muscle jerks that can affect specific body parts or the entire body.

   • Clonic seizures: These seizures lead to rhythmic, jerking movements of muscles, often affecting both sides of the body.

   • Tonic seizures: Tonic seizures cause stiffening of muscles, often resulting in a person falling backward due to the contraction of the back muscles.

3. Other Seizures:

1. • Psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES) are a type of seizure-like events that resemble epileptic seizures but are not caused by abnormal electrical activity in the brain.

It’s important to note that each individual’s experience with seizures can be unique, and some may have a combination of different seizure types. Accurate diagnosis and classification of seizures are essential for appropriate treatment and management. If you or someone you know experiences seizures, seeking evaluation by a medical professional, preferably a neurologist or epilepsy specialist, is crucial for proper diagnosis and personalized care.

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Headaches & Migraines are a common neurological condition characterized by pain or discomfort in the head and/or neck region. They can vary in intensity, duration, and location, and their underlying causes may differ. Here are some specific types of headaches:

1. Migraine headaches: Migraines are a type of primary headache disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of moderate to severe throbbing pain, often accompanied by other symptoms like nausea, vomiting, sensitivity to light and sound, and aura (visual disturbances or other neurological symptoms before the headache). Migraines are believed to involve abnormal brain activity and changes in blood flow in the brain.
2. Thunderclap headaches: Thunderclap headaches are a severe and sudden-onset type of headache that reaches maximum intensity within seconds to minutes. They may be associated with serious conditions such as subarachnoid hemorrhage (bleeding around the brain), reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (a condition involving narrowing of blood vessels in the brain), or other critical neurological issues.
3. Tension headaches: Tension headaches are the most common type of headache and typically involve a dull, aching pain on both sides of the head. They are often associated with muscle tension in the neck, scalp, or shoulder regions and may be triggered by stress, poor posture, or anxiety.
4. Cluster headaches: Cluster headaches are a type of primary headache disorder characterized by intense, excruciating pain that occurs in clusters or cycles, usually on one side of the head. The headaches are often accompanied by other symptoms such as eye redness, tearing, and nasal congestion. Cluster headaches are considered one of the most severe types of headaches.

Neurologists play a crucial role in diagnosing and managing headaches. They carefully evaluate patients, taking into account medical history, headache characteristics, and any associated neurological symptoms. Depending on the type and frequency of headaches, treatment options may include lifestyle modifications, medications, botulinum toxin injections, and in some cases, prophylactic therapy to prevent recurrent episodes.

It’s essential for individuals experiencing frequent or severe headaches, especially those with additional neurological symptoms, to seek medical attention to determine the underlying cause and receive appropriate treatment.

In neurology, a “Movement Disorder” refers to a group of neurological conditions that involve abnormal movements or difficulties in controlling voluntary movements. These disorders can arise from various underlying causes, such as damage to certain brain regions, dysfunction in the basal ganglia, cerebellum, or other parts of the nervous system.

The following are examples of movement disorders:

1. Parkinson’s disease: Parkinson’s disease is a progressive disorder that primarily affects movement control. It is characterized by symptoms such as tremors (involuntary shaking), bradykinesia (slowness of movement), muscle stiffness, and postural instability.

2. Dystonia: Dystonia is a condition marked by involuntary muscle contractions that cause repetitive or twisting movements and abnormal postures. It can affect one part of the body (focal dystonia) or multiple regions (generalized dystonia).

3. Ataxia: Ataxia refers to a lack of coordination in voluntary movements, leading to unsteady gait, difficulties with balance, and impaired fine motor skills.

4. Tremor: Tremor is a rhythmic, involuntary shaking of certain body parts, such as hands, arms, or legs. It can occur at rest (resting tremor) or during movement (action tremor).

5. Tics: Tics are sudden, repetitive, nonrhythmic movements or vocalizations. They can be motor tics (e.g., blinking, head jerking) or vocal tics (e.g., throat clearing, grunting) and are often seen in Tourette syndrome.

6. Huntington’s disease: Huntington’s disease is a genetic disorder that affects movement, cognition, and behavior. It leads to progressive motor impairment, including chorea (involuntary, dance-like movements), as well as cognitive and psychiatric symptoms.

7. Other choreas: Choreas are a group of movement disorders characterized by involuntary, rapid, and irregular movements. Besides Huntington’s disease, other forms of chorea may arise from various causes.

Each movement disorder presents with distinct symptoms, and their diagnosis and management often require specialized evaluation by neurologists or movement disorder specialists. Treatment approaches may involve medications, physical therapy, occupational therapy, or, in some cases, surgical interventions, depending on the specific disorder and its severity.

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Memory disorders, also known as cognitive disorders, refer to a group of conditions that affect a person’s ability to remember, learn, process information, and perform everyday activities that involve memory and cognition. These disorders can vary in severity and may be caused by various factors, including neurodegenerative diseases, brain injuries, stroke, infections, and other medical conditions.

Some common memory disorders include:

1. Alzheimer’s disease: A progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects memory, thinking, and behavior. It is the most common cause of dementia in older adults.

2. Vascular dementia: Caused by impaired blood flow to the brain, resulting in cognitive decline and memory problems.

3. Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI): A condition characterized by memory or cognitive deficits that are noticeable but do not significantly impair daily functioning.

4. Frontotemporal dementia: A group of disorders characterized by changes in personality, behavior, and language, often before significant memory loss occurs.

5. Lewy body dementia: A progressive condition that involves cognitive and motor symptoms, often accompanied by visual hallucinations and parkinsonism.

6. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) – Memory problems can result from head injuries and concussions.

7. Stroke-related memory deficits: Memory impairment may occur following a stroke, especially if it affects certain brain areas.

Neurologists play a critical role in the diagnosis and management of memory disorders. Our physician’s expertise allows them to conduct comprehensive evaluations and differentiate between various causes of memory problems

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Demyelinating diseases are a group of neurological disorders characterized by damage to the myelin sheath, which is the protective covering around nerve fibers in the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) or the peripheral nervous system (nerves outside the brain and spinal cord). Without a healthy myelin sheath, nerve impulses can be disrupted, leading to a variety of neurological symptoms. Some common types of demyelinating diseases include:

1. Multiple Sclerosis (MS): Multiple sclerosis is one of the most well-known demyelinating diseases. 

2. Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS): Guillain-Barré Syndrome is a rare disorder where the body’s immune system attacks the peripheral nerves, causing inflammation and demyelination. 

3. Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy (CIDP): CIDP is a chronic disorder characterized by progressive weakness and impaired sensory function due to demyelination of the peripheral nerves. 

4. Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO, Devic’s Disease): NMO is an autoimmune disorder that primarily affects the optic nerves and spinal cord. It leads to episodes of optic neuritis (inflammation of the optic nerve) and transverse myelitis (inflammation of the spinal cord).

5. Transverse Myelitis: Transverse myelitis is characterized by inflammation and demyelination of a section of the spinal cord, leading to weakness or paralysis, sensory disturbances, and bowel/bladder problems.

6. Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis (ADEM): ADEM is an acute demyelinating disease that usually occurs after a viral or bacterial infection or vaccination. It involves inflammation and demyelination in the brain and spinal cord, resulting in neurological symptoms.

7. Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML): PML is a rare and severe demyelinating disease caused by the JC virus. It primarily affects the central nervous system and is often seen in people with weakened immune systems.

These are just a few examples of demyelinating diseases. Each of these conditions can vary in severity and can present with a wide range of neurological symptoms, making an accurate diagnosis and proper management crucial for affected individuals. Treatment approaches may include immunomodulatory therapies, symptom management, and rehabilitation.